CLASSIFICATION OF VOCABULARY OF FOREIGN-SPEAKING ORIGIN IN GERMAN

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of vocabulary of foreign-language origin in German. The problem of borrowing in German has always attracted the attention of linguists and remains relevant and in our time, since it is a dynamic system undergoing changes from the influence of globalization processes that cause new borrowing in the language. Borrowing vocabulary from other languages serves as a source of enrichment of its own vocabulary. Adaptation of borrowed words to a new language occurs in a different way. It has been found that most of the borrowings for many years of existence in German are so assimilated, including spelling, pronunciation, emphasis, gained grammatical features that are already not perceived as foreign ones. At the same time, it has been discovered another part of the vocabulary of foreign-speaking origin, which is used in German in the form where it has been borrowed. Particular attention is paid to internationalisms, words borrowed by several languages. Borrowings also include the concepts whose content is borrowed from other languages, and the form is based on its own language. It should be noted that among the vocabulary of foreign-language origin, scientists revealed a pseudo-resistant, consisting of foreign-language components or have an other language structure, but do not exist in the relevant language. This state of affairs explains the existence of various classifications of borrowed vocabulary in German, which reflect the ambiguous view of scientists to this problem. The study of these classifications allowed to understand the criteria and the principles of distribution of foreign language vocabulary of leading linguists. Although the presented classifications have certain differences, but each of them has a significant value in the study of the vocabulary of foreign-language origin in German. The problem of borrowing will remain relevant, since at the time of the global globalization trend of the adoption of foreign words in its own language is growing.