THE PHENOMENON OF BILINGUALISM: DECLARING THE PROBLEM

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of bilingualism, which has become significantly relevant in recent decades in the context of globalization of modern society in general and Ukrainian society in particular. Due to the absence of certain theoretical provisions aimed at solving the general problem of language interaction, as well as the growing interest in the urgent issues of language policy related to Ukrainian-Russian interlingual relations, which have become especially acute during the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war, Anglo-Ukrainian interaction in the era of globalization, interference in the speech of Ukrainian emigrants and the emergence of new scientific approaches, there is a need to take a new approach to the interpretation of bilingualism, which determines the scientific interest in it and determines the relevance of the proposed study. The purpose of the study was to analyze this complex phenomenon, based on various aspects of bilingualism. The article examines it primarily in such aspects as linguistic, psychological, sociolinguistic, neurolinguistic, linguistic and cultural studies, cognitive, and outlines a number of other approaches, including ethnolinguistic, communicative, discursive, conceptual, literary, translation, and pedagogical. Each of them shows new facets of the phenomenon of bilingualism. The views of domestic and foreign scholars are analyzed, the most important theoretical provisions related to its understanding are systematized. It is proved that the cognitive-discursive approach opens up new possibilities in understanding the phenomenon of bilingualism. Prospects for further research are seen in the need for a comprehensive analysis of not only the social aspects of the coexistence of different languages in one state, but also a set of psychophysiological problems related to the language competence of a bilingual, with the establishment of factors influencing the choice of language in a bilingual situation, issues of language stability at the individual and collective levels, etc.