UKRAINIAN JOURNALISM IN LITERATURE STUDIES: ESSENCE OF THE CONCEPT, FEATURES, SIGNIFICANCE

Abstract

The article considers Ukrainian opinion journalism as a sphere of literary activity. The definition of opinion journalism in the interpretation of many scholars is given, its nature is clarified. The historical factors of origin and development of this sphere in the world and on the territory of Ukraine are conditioned. Opinion journalism, as an independent sphere, was born in the first millennium B.C.E. in the works of the Old Testament prophets. Ukrainian opinion journalism dates back to ancient times from Hilarion's "Words of Law and Grace" and develops synchronously with the development of Ukrainian society, reflecting the basic needs and requirements of those stages of development. During the Middle Ages, opinion journalism became the most characteristic features of literature as such, and Renaissance opinion journalism in its spirit was more often religious than political. Important for his time was the opinion journalism of I. Vyshensky, M. Smotrytsky, P. Mohyla, I. Kopystensky, I. Gizel, S. Yavorsky, F. Prokopovych, M. Dragomanov, I. Franko, M. Pavlyk, in the days of national liberation struggles - M. Hrushevsky, V. Vynnychenko, S. Petliura, S. Efremov, M. Shapoval. In the second half of the twentieth century, Yu. Yanovsky, O. Dovzhenko, and J. Galan showed their skills in this area of literary activity. The unprecedented activation of the opinion journalistic word took place in the late 80's - early 90's, during the spiritual and national revival, the brightest opinion journalistic works of L. Kostenko, I. Drach, B. Oliynyk, E. Gutsal, V. Yavorivsky, O. Gonchar. The development of opinion journalism since its inception and to this day is marked by diversity, a wide range of current life problems, social events.

The main functions are also highlighted. The main thing is the reflection of public life, the formation of public opinion and communicative-public. The specific features and social role of opinion journalism are pointed out.